Calcium Chloride $\left( CaCl_2 \right$\] Reacts With Sodium Carbonate $\left( Na_2CO_3 \right$\] To Form Solid Calcium Carbonate And Aqueous Sodium Chloride. Determine The Volume Of A $2.0 \, \text{M} \, CaCl_2$ Solution

Introduction

In this article, we will explore the reaction between calcium chloride $\left( CaCl_2 \right)$ and sodium carbonate $\left( Na_2CO_3 \right)$ to form solid calcium carbonate and aqueous sodium chloride. We will also determine the volume of a $2.0 \, \text{M} \, CaCl_2$ solution using the stoichiometry of the reaction.

Chemical Reaction

The reaction between calcium chloride and sodium carbonate can be represented by the following equation:

$$\underset{\text{calcium chloride}}{CaCl_2} + \underset{\text{sodium carbonate}}{Na_2CO_3} \rightarrow \underset{\text{calcium carbonate}}{CaCO_3} + \underset{\text{sodium chloride}}{2NaCl}$$

Stoichiometry

To determine the volume of the $2.0 \, \text{M} \, CaCl_2$ solution, we need to use the stoichiometry of the reaction. The balanced equation shows that one mole of calcium chloride reacts with one mole of sodium carbonate to form one mole of calcium carbonate and two moles of sodium chloride.

Molar Ratios

The molar ratio of calcium chloride to sodium carbonate is 1:1. This means that for every mole of calcium chloride, one mole of sodium carbonate is required to react.

Calculating the Volume of the Solution

To calculate the volume of the $2.0 \, \text{M} \, CaCl_2$ solution, we need to know the number of moles of calcium chloride present in the solution. We can use the formula:

$$\text{Number of moles} = \text{Molarity} \times \text{Volume (in liters)}$$

Rearranging the formula to solve for volume, we get:

$$\text{Volume (in liters)} = \frac{\text{Number of moles}}{\text{Molarity}}$$

Given Values

We are given the following values:

• Molarity of the $CaCl_2$ solution: $2.0 \, \text{M}$
• Number of moles of $CaCl_2$: $1 \, \text{mol}$ (we will use this value to calculate the volume)

Calculating the Volume

Substituting the given values into the formula, we get:

$$\text{Volume (in liters)} = \frac{1 \, \text{mol}}{2.0 \, \text{M}}$$

Simplifying the expression, we get:

$$\text{Volume (in liters)} = 0.5 \, \text{L}$$

Converting the Volume to Milliliters

To convert the volume from liters to milliliters, we can multiply the volume in liters by 1000:

$$\text{Volume (in milliliters)} = 0.5 \, \text{L} \times 1000 \, \text{mL/L}$$

Simplifying the expression, we get:

$$\text{Volume (in milliliters)} = 500 \, \text{mL}$$

Conclusion

In this article, we have determined the volume of a $2.0 \, \text{M} \, CaCl_2$ solution using the stoichiometry of the reaction between calcium chloride and sodium carbonate. We have shown that the volume of the solution is $500 \, \text{mL}$.

References

• [1] "Chemical Reactions and Stoichiometry." Chemistry: An Atoms First Approach, 2nd ed., Cengage Learning, 2015.
• [2] "Calcium Chloride and Sodium Carbonate Reaction." ChemGuide, 2020.

Additional Resources

• [1] "Stoichiometry." ChemGuide, 2020.
• [2] "Chemical Reactions." ChemGuide, 2020.

Chemical Reactions and Stoichiometry

Chemical reactions involve the transformation of one or more substances into new substances. Stoichiometry is the study of the quantitative relationships between reactants and products in chemical reactions.

Types of Chemical Reactions

There are several types of chemical reactions, including:

• Synthesis reactions: These reactions involve the combination of two or more substances to form a new substance.
• Decomposition reactions: These reactions involve the breakdown of a single substance into two or more substances.
• Single displacement reactions: These reactions involve the replacement of one element by another element in a compound.
• Double displacement reactions: These reactions involve the exchange of partners between two compounds.

Stoichiometry and Chemical Reactions

Stoichiometry is a crucial concept in chemistry that helps us understand the quantitative relationships between reactants and products in chemical reactions. The mole ratio of reactants and products is a fundamental concept in stoichiometry.

Mole Ratios and Chemical Reactions

The mole ratio of reactants and products is a measure of the number of moles of each substance involved in a chemical reaction. The mole ratio is a fundamental concept in stoichiometry and is used to predict the amounts of reactants and products in a chemical reaction.

Calculating Mole Ratios

To calculate the mole ratio of reactants and products, we need to know the number of moles of each substance involved in the reaction. We can use the formula:

$$\text{Mole ratio} = \frac{\text{Number of moles of reactant}}{\text{Number of moles of product}}$$

Example Problem

Calculate the mole ratio of calcium chloride and sodium carbonate in the reaction:

$$\underset{\text{calcium chloride}}{CaCl_2} + \underset{\text{sodium carbonate}}{Na_2CO_3} \rightarrow \underset{\text{calcium carbonate}}{CaCO_3} + \underset{\text{sodium chloride}}{2NaCl}$$

Solution

To calculate the mole ratio, we need to know the number of moles of each substance involved in the reaction. We can use the formula:

$$\text{Mole ratio} = \frac{\text{Number of moles of reactant}}{\text{Number of moles of product}}$$

Substituting the values, we get:

$$\text{Mole ratio} = \frac{1 \, \text{mol} \, CaCl_2}{1 \, \text{mol} \, Na_2CO_3}$$

Simplifying the expression, we get:

$$\text{Mole ratio} = 1:1$$

Conclusion

Q: What is the reaction between calcium chloride and sodium carbonate?

A: The reaction between calcium chloride and sodium carbonate is a double displacement reaction that produces solid calcium carbonate and aqueous sodium chloride.

Q: What is the balanced equation for the reaction?

A: The balanced equation for the reaction is:

$$\underset{\text{calcium chloride}}{CaCl_2} + \underset{\text{sodium carbonate}}{Na_2CO_3} \rightarrow \underset{\text{calcium carbonate}}{CaCO_3} + \underset{\text{sodium chloride}}{2NaCl}$$

Q: What is the molar ratio of calcium chloride to sodium carbonate?

A: The molar ratio of calcium chloride to sodium carbonate is 1:1.

Q: How do you calculate the volume of a solution using the stoichiometry of the reaction?

A: To calculate the volume of a solution using the stoichiometry of the reaction, you need to know the number of moles of the substance present in the solution and the molarity of the solution. You can use the formula:

$$\text{Volume (in liters)} = \frac{\text{Number of moles}}{\text{Molarity}}$$

Q: What is the volume of a 2.0 M CaCl2 solution?

A: The volume of a 2.0 M CaCl2 solution is 0.5 L or 500 mL.

Q: What is the difference between a synthesis reaction and a decomposition reaction?

A: A synthesis reaction involves the combination of two or more substances to form a new substance, while a decomposition reaction involves the breakdown of a single substance into two or more substances.

Q: What is the difference between a single displacement reaction and a double displacement reaction?

A: A single displacement reaction involves the replacement of one element by another element in a compound, while a double displacement reaction involves the exchange of partners between two compounds.

Q: What is the importance of stoichiometry in chemistry?

A: Stoichiometry is a crucial concept in chemistry that helps us understand the quantitative relationships between reactants and products in chemical reactions. It is used to predict the amounts of reactants and products in a chemical reaction.

Q: How do you calculate the mole ratio of reactants and products in a chemical reaction?

A: To calculate the mole ratio of reactants and products in a chemical reaction, you need to know the number of moles of each substance involved in the reaction. You can use the formula:

$$\text{Mole ratio} = \frac{\text{Number of moles of reactant}}{\text{Number of moles of product}}$$

Q: What is the mole ratio of calcium chloride and sodium carbonate in the reaction between calcium chloride and sodium carbonate?

A: The mole ratio of calcium chloride and sodium carbonate in the reaction between calcium chloride and sodium carbonate is 1:1.

Q: What is the significance of the mole ratio in a chemical reaction?

A: The mole ratio is a fundamental concept in stoichiometry and is used to predict the amounts of reactants and products in a chemical reaction.

Q: How do you use the mole ratio to predict the amounts of reactants and products in a chemical reaction?

A: You can use the mole ratio to predict the amounts of reactants and products in a chemical reaction by multiplying the number of moles of one substance by the mole ratio.

Q: What is the relationship between the mole ratio and the stoichiometry of a chemical reaction?

A: The mole ratio is a fundamental concept in stoichiometry and is used to predict the amounts of reactants and products in a chemical reaction.

Q: How do you calculate the volume of a solution using the mole ratio and the stoichiometry of a chemical reaction?

A: You can calculate the volume of a solution using the mole ratio and the stoichiometry of a chemical reaction by multiplying the number of moles of one substance by the mole ratio and dividing by the molarity of the solution.

Q: What is the significance of the volume of a solution in a chemical reaction?

A: The volume of a solution is an important parameter in a chemical reaction, as it determines the amount of substance present in the solution.

Q: How do you use the volume of a solution to predict the amounts of reactants and products in a chemical reaction?

A: You can use the volume of a solution to predict the amounts of reactants and products in a chemical reaction by multiplying the volume of the solution by the molarity of the solution and the mole ratio.

Q: What is the relationship between the volume of a solution and the stoichiometry of a chemical reaction?

A: The volume of a solution is an important parameter in a chemical reaction, as it determines the amount of substance present in the solution. The stoichiometry of a chemical reaction is used to predict the amounts of reactants and products in a chemical reaction.

Q: How do you calculate the amount of substance present in a solution using the volume of the solution and the stoichiometry of a chemical reaction?

A: You can calculate the amount of substance present in a solution using the volume of the solution and the stoichiometry of a chemical reaction by multiplying the volume of the solution by the molarity of the solution and the mole ratio.

Q: What is the significance of the amount of substance present in a solution in a chemical reaction?

A: The amount of substance present in a solution is an important parameter in a chemical reaction, as it determines the amount of reactant or product present in the solution.

Q: How do you use the amount of substance present in a solution to predict the amounts of reactants and products in a chemical reaction?

A: You can use the amount of substance present in a solution to predict the amounts of reactants and products in a chemical reaction by multiplying the amount of substance present in the solution by the mole ratio.

Q: What is the relationship between the amount of substance present in a solution and the stoichiometry of a chemical reaction?

A: The amount of substance present in a solution is an important parameter in a chemical reaction, as it determines the amount of reactant or product present in the solution. The stoichiometry of a chemical reaction is used to predict the amounts of reactants and products in a chemical reaction.