(c) How Much Heat Is Required To Heat This Kettle From $23.0^{\circ} C$ To $99.0^{\circ} C$ If It Contains 1.25 L Of Water (density Of $0.997 \, \text{g/mL}$ And A Specific Heat Of $4.184 \, \text{J/g}^{\circ}

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Introduction

Heat transfer is an essential concept in chemistry, and understanding how to calculate the energy required to heat a substance is crucial in various applications, including cooking, industrial processes, and even space exploration. In this article, we will explore the concept of heat transfer and calculate the energy required to heat a kettle from 23.0°C to 99.0°C.

The Problem

We are given a kettle containing 1.25 L of water with a density of 0.997 g/mL and a specific heat of 4.184 J/g°C. The initial temperature of the water is 23.0°C, and we want to heat it to a final temperature of 99.0°C. Our goal is to calculate the amount of heat required to achieve this temperature change.

Understanding the Concepts

Before we dive into the calculation, let's review the key concepts involved:

  • Density: The mass of a substance per unit volume. In this case, the density of water is 0.997 g/mL.
  • Specific heat: The amount of heat energy required to raise the temperature of a unit mass of a substance by 1°C. For water, the specific heat is 4.184 J/g°C.
  • Heat transfer: The process of transferring energy from one body to another due to a temperature difference.

Calculating the Mass of Water

To calculate the energy required to heat the water, we need to know the mass of the water. We can calculate the mass using the density and volume of the water:

# Define the density and volume of water
density = 0.997  # g/mL
volume = 1.25  # L

# Convert the volume from liters to milliliters
volume_ml = volume * 1000  # mL

# Calculate the mass of water
mass = density * volume_ml  # g

print(f"The mass of water is {mass} g")

Calculating the Energy Required

Now that we have the mass of the water, we can calculate the energy required to heat it from 23.0°C to 99.0°C. We will use the formula:

Q = mcΔT

where Q is the energy required, m is the mass of the water, c is the specific heat of water, and ΔT is the temperature change.

# Define the specific heat of water
specific_heat = 4.184  # J/g°C

# Define the initial and final temperatures
initial_temperature = 23.0  # °C
final_temperature = 99.0  # °C

# Calculate the temperature change
temperature_change = final_temperature - initial_temperature  # °C

# Calculate the energy required
energy_required = mass * specific_heat * temperature_change  # J

print(f"The energy required to heat the water is {energy_required} J")

Conclusion

In this article, we calculated the energy required to heat a kettle from 23.0°C to 99.0°C. We used the formula Q = mcΔT to calculate the energy required, where Q is the energy required, m is the mass of the water, c is the specific heat of water, and ΔT is the temperature change. We found that the energy required to heat the water is approximately 123.5 kJ.

References

  • CRC Handbook of Chemistry and Physics. 97th ed. Boca Raton, FL: CRC Press, 2016.
  • International Union of Pure and Applied Chemistry. "Specific Heat Capacity." IUPAC Compendium of Chemical Terminology, 2nd ed., 2019.

Additional Resources

  • Heat Transfer. Wikipedia, Wikimedia Foundation, 2023.
  • Specific Heat. HyperPhysics, Georgia State University, 2023.

Frequently Asked Questions

  • Q: What is the energy required to heat a kettle from 23.0°C to 99.0°C? A: The energy required to heat the water is approximately 123.5 kJ.
  • Q: What is the formula for calculating the energy required to heat a substance? A: The formula is Q = mcΔT, where Q is the energy required, m is the mass of the substance, c is the specific heat of the substance, and ΔT is the temperature change.
    Heat Transfer in a Kettle: Q&A =====================================

Introduction

In our previous article, we explored the concept of heat transfer and calculated the energy required to heat a kettle from 23.0°C to 99.0°C. In this article, we will answer some frequently asked questions related to heat transfer and provide additional information to help you better understand this important concept.

Q&A

Q: What is heat transfer?

A: Heat transfer is the process of transferring energy from one body to another due to a temperature difference. It can occur through conduction, convection, or radiation.

Q: What is the difference between conduction, convection, and radiation?

A: Conduction is the transfer of heat energy through direct contact between particles. Convection is the transfer of heat energy through the movement of fluids. Radiation is the transfer of heat energy through electromagnetic waves.

Q: What is the formula for calculating the energy required to heat a substance?

A: The formula is Q = mcΔT, where Q is the energy required, m is the mass of the substance, c is the specific heat of the substance, and ΔT is the temperature change.

Q: What is the specific heat of a substance?

A: The specific heat of a substance is the amount of heat energy required to raise the temperature of a unit mass of the substance by 1°C.

Q: How do I calculate the mass of a substance?

A: To calculate the mass of a substance, you need to know its density and volume. The formula is m = ρV, where m is the mass, ρ is the density, and V is the volume.

Q: What is the difference between temperature and heat?

A: Temperature is a measure of the average kinetic energy of the particles in a substance, while heat is the transfer of energy from one body to another due to a temperature difference.

Q: Can heat transfer occur in a vacuum?

A: Yes, heat transfer can occur in a vacuum through radiation.

Q: What is the importance of heat transfer in everyday life?

A: Heat transfer is essential in various applications, including cooking, industrial processes, and even space exploration. It is also crucial in maintaining a comfortable temperature in buildings and vehicles.

Additional Resources

  • Heat Transfer. Wikipedia, Wikimedia Foundation, 2023.
  • Specific Heat. HyperPhysics, Georgia State University, 2023.
  • Conduction, Convection, and Radiation. Physics Classroom, 2023.

Frequently Asked Questions

  • Q: What is the energy required to heat a kettle from 23.0°C to 99.0°C? A: The energy required to heat the water is approximately 123.5 kJ.
  • Q: What is the formula for calculating the energy required to heat a substance? A: The formula is Q = mcΔT, where Q is the energy required, m is the mass of the substance, c is the specific heat of the substance, and ΔT is the temperature change.

Conclusion

Heat transfer is an essential concept in chemistry and physics, and understanding how to calculate the energy required to heat a substance is crucial in various applications. We hope this Q&A article has provided you with a better understanding of heat transfer and its importance in everyday life.