Banda Aceh Old City Spatial Planning Through A Historical Approach

Feb 27, 2025 by ADMIN 67 views

Introduction

The city of Banda Aceh, as one of the historical cities in Indonesia, has a rich and diverse history that spans centuries. The process of growing and developing spatial planning of this city cannot be separated from the structure and patterns that have been formed for centuries. Banda Aceh's old city spatial planning was formed through its historical phases, ranging from pre-Islamic periods to approaching independence. The trail left behind by each phase gives a picture of life and past civilization which should be a reference in current urban spatial planning.

The Importance of Preserving Historical Traces

However, along with the rapid development of the city, often the old region which is rich in history is less attention. This can cause loss of existing historical identity and traces, which should be respected and preserved. The old city of Banda Aceh holds many valuable lessons that should be a guide in today's city planning. By appreciating and preserving existing historical traces, we not only maintain the identity of the city, but also provide space for future generations to understand and appreciate rich cultural heritage.

Research Methodology

To get accurate data, this research uses descriptive qualitative methods with a historical approach. Data is collected through several sources, including ancient maps that provide an overview of spatial planning in the past. Field observations and interviews with informants who have knowledge about the history of the city are also carried out using purposive sampling techniques. Analysis is carried out on physical elements that make up the identity of the city, including the function of zones, circulation systems, mass and building shapes, as well as open space.

Physical Elements of the Old City Layout

The physical elements of the old city layout of Banda Aceh are characterized by:

Function of Zones: The old city is divided into several zones, each with its own function and character. The zones are separated by walls and gates, which provide a sense of separation and distinction.
Circulation Systems: The circulation systems in the old city are designed to facilitate movement and interaction between different zones. The systems are characterized by narrow streets and alleys, which provide a sense of intimacy and community.
Mass and Building Shapes: The mass and building shapes in the old city are influenced by the cultural and historical context of the city. The buildings are characterized by a mix of traditional and modern architectural styles, which reflect the city's rich cultural heritage.
Open Space: The open space in the old city is characterized by a mix of public and private spaces. The public spaces are designed to facilitate social interaction and community engagement, while the private spaces are designed to provide a sense of seclusion and privacy.

Influence of Cultural and Natural Factors

The spatial and identity of the old city of Banda Aceh was influenced by several cultural and natural factors, including:

Hindu-Buddhist Cosmology: This influence is seen in the spatial planning that prioritizes the harmony between the building and the surrounding nature, as well as the use of symbols that have religious meanings in the city order.
Islamic Cosmology: After the entry of Islam, there are significant changes in the spatial structure that reflects Islamic values, including the placement of strategic mosques and open space for social activities.
Natural Harmony: As a city known as a city of water, Banda Aceh spatial planning is trying to maintain a balance between development and the existence of natural resources, such as rivers and coasts.

Colonial Period and Its Impact on Spatial Planning

The colonial period then continued and strengthened the existing concepts. In the colonial spatial layout, the design of a triangular circulation system is a characteristic, creating a pattern that is not only functional but also defensive as a fortress city.

Conclusion

The importance of considering history in urban spatial planning cannot be ignored. The old city of Banda Aceh holds many valuable lessons that should be a guide in today's city planning. By appreciating and preserving existing historical traces, we not only maintain the identity of the city, but also provide space for future generations to understand and appreciate rich cultural heritage. Through a deep historical approach, we can create a harmonious, sustainable, and rich spatial layout.

Recommendations

Based on the findings of this study, the following recommendations are made:

Preservation of Historical Traces: Efforts should be made to preserve the historical traces of the old city, including its physical elements and cultural heritage.
Sustainable Urban Planning: Urban planning should be designed to maintain a balance between development and the existence of natural resources, such as rivers and coasts.
Community Engagement: Community engagement and participation should be encouraged in the planning and decision-making process to ensure that the needs and aspirations of the community are taken into account.

Limitations of the Study

This study has several limitations, including:

Limited Scope: The study only focuses on the old city of Banda Aceh and does not consider other cities or regions.
Limited Data: The study relies on secondary data and does not collect primary data through surveys or interviews.
Limited Analysis: The study only analyzes the physical elements of the old city layout and does not consider other factors that may influence spatial planning, such as economic or social factors.

Future Research Directions

Future research should focus on:

Comparative Study: A comparative study of the old city of Banda Aceh with other cities or regions to identify best practices and lessons learned.
Primary Data Collection: Collection of primary data through surveys or interviews to gain a deeper understanding of the needs and aspirations of the community.
Analysis of Other Factors: Analysis of other factors that may influence spatial planning, such as economic or social factors.
Frequently Asked Questions (FAQs) about Banda Aceh Old City Spatial Planning ====================================================================================

Q: What is the significance of the old city of Banda Aceh in terms of spatial planning?

A: The old city of Banda Aceh is significant in terms of spatial planning because it holds many valuable lessons that should be a guide in today's city planning. By appreciating and preserving existing historical traces, we not only maintain the identity of the city, but also provide space for future generations to understand and appreciate rich cultural heritage.

Q: What are the physical elements of the old city layout of Banda Aceh?

A: The physical elements of the old city layout of Banda Aceh are characterized by:

Function of zones: The old city is divided into several zones, each with its own function and character.
Circulation systems: The circulation systems in the old city are designed to facilitate movement and interaction between different zones.
Mass and building shapes: The mass and building shapes in the old city are influenced by the cultural and historical context of the city.
Open space: The open space in the old city is characterized by a mix of public and private spaces.

Q: What are the cultural and natural factors that influenced the spatial and identity of the old city of Banda Aceh?

A: The spatial and identity of the old city of Banda Aceh was influenced by several cultural and natural factors, including:

Hindu-Buddhist cosmology: This influence is seen in the spatial planning that prioritizes the harmony between the building and the surrounding nature, as well as the use of symbols that have religious meanings in the city order.
Islamic cosmology: After the entry of Islam, there are significant changes in the spatial structure that reflects Islamic values, including the placement of strategic mosques and open space for social activities.
Natural harmony: As a city known as a city of water, Banda Aceh spatial planning is trying to maintain a balance between development and the existence of natural resources, such as rivers and coasts.

Q: What is the impact of the colonial period on the spatial planning of Banda Aceh?

A: The colonial period then continued and strengthened the existing concepts. In the colonial spatial layout, the design of a triangular circulation system is a characteristic, creating a pattern that is not only functional but also defensive as a fortress city.

Q: What are the recommendations for preserving the historical traces of the old city of Banda Aceh?

A: Efforts should be made to preserve the historical traces of the old city, including its physical elements and cultural heritage. Urban planning should be designed to maintain a balance between development and the existence of natural resources, such as rivers and coasts. Community engagement and participation should be encouraged in the planning and decision-making process to ensure that the needs and aspirations of the community are taken into account.

Q: What are the limitations of this study?

A: This study has several limitations, including:

Limited scope: The study only focuses on the old city of Banda Aceh and does not consider other cities or regions.
Limited data: The study relies on secondary data and does not collect primary data through surveys or interviews.
Limited analysis: The study only analyzes the physical elements of the old city layout and does not consider other factors that may influence spatial planning, such as economic or social factors.

Q: What are the future research directions for this study?

A: Future research should focus on:

Comparative study: A comparative study of the old city of Banda Aceh with other cities or regions to identify best practices and lessons learned.
Primary data collection: Collection of primary data through surveys or interviews to gain a deeper understanding of the needs and aspirations of the community.
Analysis of other factors: Analysis of other factors that may influence spatial planning, such as economic or social factors.

Q: How can the findings of this study be applied in real-world scenarios?

A: The findings of this study can be applied in real-world scenarios by:

Preserving historical traces: Efforts should be made to preserve the historical traces of the old city, including its physical elements and cultural heritage.
Sustainable urban planning: Urban planning should be designed to maintain a balance between development and the existence of natural resources, such as rivers and coasts.
Community engagement: Community engagement and participation should be encouraged in the planning and decision-making process to ensure that the needs and aspirations of the community are taken into account.