At STP, What Volume Of laughing Gas (dinitrogen Monoxide) Will Be Produced From 50.0 G Of Nitrogen Gas And 75.0 G Of Oxygen Gas?

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At STP, What Volume of "Laughing Gas" (Dinitrogen Monoxide) Will Be Produced from 50.0 g of Nitrogen Gas and 75.0 g of Oxygen Gas?

Understanding the Chemical Reaction

Dinitrogen monoxide, also known as laughing gas, is a colorless gas with the chemical formula N2O. It is produced when nitrogen gas (N2) reacts with oxygen gas (O2) in a specific chemical reaction. The balanced chemical equation for this reaction is:

N2 (g) + O2 (g) → 2N2O (g)

In this reaction, one molecule of nitrogen gas reacts with one molecule of oxygen gas to produce two molecules of dinitrogen monoxide.

Calculating the Number of Moles of Nitrogen and Oxygen

To determine the volume of laughing gas produced, we need to calculate the number of moles of nitrogen and oxygen present. The molar mass of nitrogen gas (N2) is 28.01 g/mol, and the molar mass of oxygen gas (O2) is 32.00 g/mol.

We can calculate the number of moles of nitrogen and oxygen using the following formulas:

moles_N2 = mass_N2 / molar_mass_N2 moles_O2 = mass_O2 / molar_mass_O2

Substituting the given values, we get:

moles_N2 = 50.0 g / 28.01 g/mol = 1.785 mol moles_O2 = 75.0 g / 32.00 g/mol = 2.344 mol

Determining the Limiting Reactant

To determine the limiting reactant, we need to compare the mole ratio of nitrogen and oxygen to the mole ratio required by the balanced chemical equation. The balanced chemical equation requires a 1:1 mole ratio of nitrogen to oxygen.

We can calculate the mole ratio of nitrogen to oxygen as follows:

mole_ratio_N2/O2 = moles_N2 / moles_O2 = 1.785 mol / 2.344 mol = 0.763

Since the mole ratio of nitrogen to oxygen is less than 1, nitrogen is the limiting reactant.

Calculating the Number of Moles of Dinitrogen Monoxide Produced

Since nitrogen is the limiting reactant, we can calculate the number of moles of dinitrogen monoxide produced using the following formula:

moles_N2O = 2 * moles_N2 = 2 * 1.785 mol = 3.570 mol

Calculating the Volume of Dinitrogen Monoxide Produced

To calculate the volume of dinitrogen monoxide produced, we need to use the ideal gas law:

PV = nRT

where P is the pressure, V is the volume, n is the number of moles, R is the gas constant, and T is the temperature.

At standard temperature and pressure (STP), the pressure is 1 atm, the temperature is 273.15 K, and the gas constant is 0.08206 L atm/mol K.

We can rearrange the ideal gas law to solve for volume:

V = nRT / P

Substituting the values, we get:

V = (3.570 mol) * (0.08206 L atm/mol K) * (273.15 K) / (1 atm) = 84.51 L

Therefore, at STP, the volume of laughing gas (dinitrogen monoxide) produced from 50.0 g of nitrogen gas and 75.0 g of oxygen gas is 84.51 L.

Conclusion

In this problem, we calculated the volume of laughing gas (dinitrogen monoxide) produced from 50.0 g of nitrogen gas and 75.0 g of oxygen gas at standard temperature and pressure (STP). We determined that nitrogen is the limiting reactant and calculated the number of moles of dinitrogen monoxide produced. Finally, we used the ideal gas law to calculate the volume of dinitrogen monoxide produced.

References

  • Chemistry: An Atoms First Approach, 2nd Edition, by Steven S. Zumdahl
  • General Chemistry: Principles and Modern Applications, 10th Edition, by Linus Pauling

Additional Information

  • Dinitrogen monoxide is a colorless gas with a sweet, pungent odor.
  • It is used as an anesthetic and a propellant in aerosol cans.
  • At high concentrations, it can be toxic and cause respiratory problems.
    Q&A: Dinitrogen Monoxide (Laughing Gas)

Frequently Asked Questions

Q: What is dinitrogen monoxide?

A: Dinitrogen monoxide, also known as laughing gas, is a colorless gas with the chemical formula N2O. It is a potent anesthetic and a propellant in aerosol cans.

Q: What is the chemical equation for the production of dinitrogen monoxide?

A: The balanced chemical equation for the production of dinitrogen monoxide is:

N2 (g) + O2 (g) → 2N2O (g)

Q: What is the molar mass of dinitrogen monoxide?

A: The molar mass of dinitrogen monoxide (N2O) is 44.013 g/mol.

Q: What is the standard temperature and pressure (STP) for dinitrogen monoxide?

A: At STP, the temperature is 273.15 K and the pressure is 1 atm.

Q: How is dinitrogen monoxide used?

A: Dinitrogen monoxide is used as an anesthetic and a propellant in aerosol cans. It is also used in the production of nitric acid and other chemicals.

Q: What are the health effects of dinitrogen monoxide?

A: At high concentrations, dinitrogen monoxide can be toxic and cause respiratory problems. Prolonged exposure to high concentrations can also cause headaches, dizziness, and nausea.

Q: How is dinitrogen monoxide stored and handled?

A: Dinitrogen monoxide should be stored in a well-ventilated area and handled with care. It should be kept away from heat sources and open flames.

Q: What are the safety precautions for working with dinitrogen monoxide?

A: When working with dinitrogen monoxide, it is essential to wear protective gear, including gloves, goggles, and a mask. It is also crucial to follow proper ventilation procedures and to avoid inhaling the gas.

Q: Can dinitrogen monoxide be used as a fuel?

A: Yes, dinitrogen monoxide can be used as a fuel in certain applications, such as in the production of nitric acid and other chemicals.

Q: What are the environmental effects of dinitrogen monoxide?

A: Dinitrogen monoxide is a potent greenhouse gas and can contribute to climate change. It can also react with other chemicals in the atmosphere to form ground-level ozone and other pollutants.

Q: Can dinitrogen monoxide be used as a refrigerant?

A: Yes, dinitrogen monoxide can be used as a refrigerant in certain applications, such as in the production of cryogenic liquids.

Q: What are the future prospects for dinitrogen monoxide?

A: The demand for dinitrogen monoxide is expected to increase in the coming years, driven by its use in the production of nitric acid and other chemicals. However, the use of dinitrogen monoxide as a propellant in aerosol cans is expected to decline due to environmental concerns.

Conclusion

Dinitrogen monoxide, also known as laughing gas, is a colorless gas with a sweet, pungent odor. It is a potent anesthetic and a propellant in aerosol cans. However, it can be toxic and cause respiratory problems at high concentrations. When working with dinitrogen monoxide, it is essential to follow proper safety precautions and to handle the gas with care.

References

  • Chemistry: An Atoms First Approach, 2nd Edition, by Steven S. Zumdahl
  • General Chemistry: Principles and Modern Applications, 10th Edition, by Linus Pauling
  • Dinitrogen Monoxide: A Review of its Properties and Uses, by the National Institute for Occupational Safety and Health (NIOSH)

Additional Information

  • Dinitrogen monoxide is also known as nitrous oxide.
  • It is a potent greenhouse gas and can contribute to climate change.
  • Dinitrogen monoxide can be used as a fuel in certain applications, such as in the production of nitric acid and other chemicals.