Application Of The Analytic Hierarchy Process (AHP) Method In Determining The Decision To Select Aircraft Transportation.

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Application of the Analytic Hierarchy Process (AHP) method in determining the decision to select aircraft transportation

Introduction

Choosing the right airline for travel can be a daunting task, with numerous factors to consider, including ticket prices, airline reputation, and flight comfort. In this study, researchers applied the Analytic Hierarchy Process (AHP) method to help determine the decision to select airlines. The AHP method is a decision-making technique that helps prioritize alternative choices by creating a hierarchical structure of the problem, considering various criteria and alternative options.

Understanding the Analytic Hierarchy Process (AHP) method

The AHP method is a multi-criteria decision-making technique that helps in evaluating complex problems by breaking them down into smaller, more manageable components. This method involves creating a hierarchical structure of the problem, consisting of the main objectives, criteria to be considered, and alternative options. In the context of choosing airlines, the hierarchical structure would include the main objective of selecting the best airline, criteria such as price, security, comfort, and service, and alternative options, which are the names of the airlines.

The Paired Comparison Matrix

The AHP method uses a paired comparison matrix to build relationships between elements in the hierarchical structure. This matrix contains an assessment of each criterion based on respondents' preferences. Each criterion is compared to other criteria in pairs to determine its relative weight. This weight is then used to calculate the maximum eigen value and normalized eigen vector. The paired comparison matrix is a crucial component of the AHP method, as it helps in evaluating the relative importance of each criterion.

Consistency Testing

The AHP method requires consistency testing to ensure that respondents' assessment is consistent and unbiased. Consistency testing involves checking the consistency ratio (CR) to ensure that it is less than 0.100. If the CR is greater than 0.100, it indicates that the respondents' assessment is inconsistent, and the analysis needs to be revised.

Results of the AHP Analysis

The results of the AHP analysis showed that AirAsia was the first choice with a percentage of respondents of 34.88%. Lion Air ranks second with a percentage of 17.65%, followed by Garuda Indonesia with a percentage of 17.61%. Furthermore, Citilink is ranked fourth (16.43%), Sriwijaya Air is ranked fifth (7.88%), and Mandala Air in the last place (5.55%).

Conclusion

This study proves that the AHP method can be an effective tool to assist in determining the decision to select airlines. The AHP method provides a systematic structure to evaluate various criteria and alternatives, thus helping in obtaining more objective decisions. However, it is essential to note that the results of the AHP analysis are only one of the factors that need to be considered. The final decision remains in the hands of individuals who want to travel, and they can consider other factors such as personal preferences, certain conditions, and budget limitations.

Limitations of the Study

While the AHP method is a useful tool for decision-making, it has some limitations. The method relies heavily on the respondents' preferences and may not account for other factors that are not considered in the analysis. Additionally, the AHP method may not be suitable for complex problems that involve multiple stakeholders and conflicting objectives.

Future Research Directions

Future research can build on the findings of this study by exploring the application of the AHP method in other contexts, such as selecting transportation modes or evaluating the performance of airlines. Additionally, researchers can investigate the use of other decision-making techniques, such as the Simple Additive Weighting (SAW) method, to compare the results with the AHP method.

Conclusion

In conclusion, the AHP method is a useful tool for decision-making in complex problems, such as selecting airlines. The method provides a systematic structure to evaluate various criteria and alternatives, thus helping in obtaining more objective decisions. However, it is essential to note that the results of the AHP analysis are only one of the factors that need to be considered, and individuals should consider other factors such as personal preferences, certain conditions, and budget limitations when making a decision.

Recommendations

Based on the findings of this study, the following recommendations can be made:

  • Airlines can use the AHP method to evaluate their performance and identify areas for improvement.
  • Travelers can use the AHP method to select the best airline based on their preferences and priorities.
  • Researchers can use the AHP method to evaluate the performance of airlines and transportation modes.

Future Research Directions

Future research can build on the findings of this study by exploring the application of the AHP method in other contexts, such as selecting transportation modes or evaluating the performance of airlines. Additionally, researchers can investigate the use of other decision-making techniques, such as the Simple Additive Weighting (SAW) method, to compare the results with the AHP method.

Conclusion

In conclusion, the AHP method is a useful tool for decision-making in complex problems, such as selecting airlines. The method provides a systematic structure to evaluate various criteria and alternatives, thus helping in obtaining more objective decisions. However, it is essential to note that the results of the AHP analysis are only one of the factors that need to be considered, and individuals should consider other factors such as personal preferences, certain conditions, and budget limitations when making a decision.

References

  • Saaty, T. L. (1980). The Analytic Hierarchy Process. McGraw-Hill.
  • Saaty, T. L. (1990). How to make a decision: The Analytic Hierarchy Process. European Journal of Operational Research, 48(1), 9-26.
  • Triantaphyllou, E. (2000). Multi-criteria decision making: A comparative study. Kluwer Academic Publishers.

Appendix

The appendix includes the paired comparison matrix used in the AHP analysis, as well as the results of the consistency testing.
Frequently Asked Questions (FAQs) about the Analytic Hierarchy Process (AHP) method

Q: What is the Analytic Hierarchy Process (AHP) method?

A: The AHP method is a decision-making technique that helps in evaluating complex problems by breaking them down into smaller, more manageable components. It involves creating a hierarchical structure of the problem, considering various criteria and alternative options.

Q: What are the steps involved in the AHP method?

A: The steps involved in the AHP method are:

  1. Define the problem and identify the main objectives.
  2. Create a hierarchical structure of the problem, including criteria and alternative options.
  3. Develop a paired comparison matrix to evaluate the relative importance of each criterion.
  4. Calculate the maximum eigen value and normalized eigen vector.
  5. Perform consistency testing to ensure that the respondents' assessment is consistent and unbiased.

Q: What is the paired comparison matrix?

A: The paired comparison matrix is a crucial component of the AHP method. It contains an assessment of each criterion based on respondents' preferences. Each criterion is compared to other criteria in pairs to determine its relative weight.

Q: What is consistency testing?

A: Consistency testing is a process that ensures that the respondents' assessment is consistent and unbiased. It involves checking the consistency ratio (CR) to ensure that it is less than 0.100.

Q: What are the benefits of using the AHP method?

A: The benefits of using the AHP method include:

  • Provides a systematic structure to evaluate various criteria and alternatives.
  • Helps in obtaining more objective decisions.
  • Can be used in complex problems involving multiple stakeholders and conflicting objectives.

Q: What are the limitations of the AHP method?

A: The limitations of the AHP method include:

  • Relies heavily on the respondents' preferences.
  • May not account for other factors that are not considered in the analysis.
  • May not be suitable for complex problems involving multiple stakeholders and conflicting objectives.

Q: Can the AHP method be used in other contexts?

A: Yes, the AHP method can be used in other contexts, such as selecting transportation modes, evaluating the performance of airlines, and making investment decisions.

Q: How can the AHP method be used in practice?

A: The AHP method can be used in practice by:

  • Airlines to evaluate their performance and identify areas for improvement.
  • Travelers to select the best airline based on their preferences and priorities.
  • Researchers to evaluate the performance of airlines and transportation modes.

Q: What are the future research directions for the AHP method?

A: Future research directions for the AHP method include:

  • Exploring the application of the AHP method in other contexts.
  • Investigating the use of other decision-making techniques, such as the Simple Additive Weighting (SAW) method.
  • Developing new methods and techniques to improve the accuracy and efficiency of the AHP method.

Q: What are the references for the AHP method?

A: The references for the AHP method include:

  • Saaty, T. L. (1980). The Analytic Hierarchy Process. McGraw-Hill.
  • Saaty, T. L. (1990). How to make a decision: The Analytic Hierarchy Process. European Journal of Operational Research, 48(1), 9-26.
  • Triantaphyllou, E. (2000). Multi-criteria decision making: A comparative study. Kluwer Academic Publishers.

Q: What is the appendix for the AHP method?

A: The appendix for the AHP method includes the paired comparison matrix used in the AHP analysis, as well as the results of the consistency testing.