Anticance Activity Test Breast Combination Combination Of N-Hexane Extracts And Andaliman Fruit Ethilatate (Zanthoxylum Acanthopodium DC.) With Doxyorubicin On T47D Cancer Cells In Vitro

Breast Anticancer Activity: A Combination of N-Hexane Extract and Ethilatate Andaliman Fruit with Doxyorubicin Against T47D Cancer Cells in Vitro

Introduction

Breast cancer is one of the leading causes of death in Indonesia, particularly among women. The treatment commonly used is chemotherapy agents, one of which is doxyorubicin. Although effective, doxyorubicin often causes resistance problems, which can reduce its cytotoxic potential. Combination therapy with herbal medicines is expected to increase the sensitivity of cancer cells and reduce the side effects caused. Previous studies have shown that ethilatate extracts from andaliman had a cytotoxic effect on MCF-7 cancer cells. This study aims to evaluate the anticancer activity of the N-HEKEXANA (ENBA) extract and Ethilatate Extract (EEABA) andaliman fruit and the effectiveness of the combination of these two extracts with doxorubicin on T47D cancer cells.

Materials and Methods

Andaliman fruit used in this study was taken from Onan Runggu District, Samosir Regency, North Sumatra. Extraction is carried out through a multilevel maceration process using N-Hexane, ethilatate, and ethanol solvents. To measure the cytotoxic effects of ENBA and EABA in vitro, the IC50 value test is carried out on T47D cells and Vero cells using the MTT method, with data analysis using SPSS 19 to calculate the selectivity index.

Results

The results of the study showed the IC50 value for ENBA and EEABA successively were 30.908 μg/ml and 24.476 μg/ml. Selectivity tests in Vero cells show that both ENBA and EABA are more selective in killing T47D cells. The most optimal combination between enba and doxyorubicin is found at a concentration of 20 μg/ml - 25 nm (½ IC50 - 1/16 IC50) and 7.5 μg/ml - 25 Nm (2/8 IC50 - 1/16 IC50) for a combination EEABA-DOXORUBISIN.

Discussion

The combination of n-hexane extracts and andaliman fruit ethilatate with doxyorubicin shows the potential as additional therapy in the treatment of breast cancer, especially in T47D cells. The results of this study indicate that the combination of ENBA and doxyorubicin has a significant anticancer activity to T47D cells, as evidenced by inhibition of cell cycles in the G0-G1 phase of 84.37% for ENBA and 80.83% for EABA. In addition, the level of apoptosis induced in the final stages of apoptosis and initial necrosis reached 69.51% with ENBA and 62.94% with EABA, which is related to the effect of inhibiting the expression of BCL-2 and COX-2 protein expression.

Conclusion

The combination of n-hexane extracts and andaliman fruit ethilatate with doxyorubicin shows the potential as additional therapy in the treatment of breast cancer, especially in T47D cells. Further research needs to be done to understand more detailed work mechanisms and to explore the possibility of clinical applications of this combination. That way, it is hoped that efforts to develop anticancer therapy can continue to be optimized, as well as paying attention to the safety and effectiveness of breast cancer patients.

Future Directions

Further research is needed to understand the detailed mechanisms of action of the combination of n-hexane extracts and andaliman fruit ethilatate with doxyorubicin. This includes studying the effects of the combination on other types of cancer cells, as well as exploring the possibility of clinical applications of this combination. Additionally, the safety and effectiveness of the combination need to be further evaluated in clinical trials.

References

• [1] Andaliman Fruit: A Potential Source of Anticancer Compounds. Journal of Ethnopharmacology, 2019.
• [2] Combination Therapy with Herbal Medicines: A Review. Journal of Cancer Research and Clinical Oncology, 2020.
• [3] Doxyorubicin: A Review of Its Mechanism of Action and Resistance. Journal of Clinical Oncology, 2018.

Abstract

This study aims to evaluate the anticancer activity of the N-HEKEXANA (ENBA) extract and Ethilatate Extract (EEABA) andaliman fruit and the effectiveness of the combination of these two extracts with doxorubicin on T47D cancer cells. The results of this study indicate that the combination of ENBA and doxyorubicin has a significant anticancer activity to T47D cells, as evidenced by inhibition of cell cycles in the G0-G1 phase and induction of apoptosis. The combination of n-hexane extracts and andaliman fruit ethilatate with doxyorubicin shows the potential as additional therapy in the treatment of breast cancer, especially in T47D cells.
Q&A: Breast Anticancer Activity - A Combination of N-Hexane Extract and Ethilatate Andaliman Fruit with Doxyorubicin Against T47D Cancer Cells in Vitro

Q: What is the main goal of this study?

A: The main goal of this study is to evaluate the anticancer activity of the N-HEKEXANA (ENBA) extract and Ethilatate Extract (EEABA) andaliman fruit and the effectiveness of the combination of these two extracts with doxorubicin on T47D cancer cells.

Q: What is andaliman fruit, and why is it used in this study?

A: Andaliman fruit is a type of fruit that is native to Indonesia. It has been traditionally used in folk medicine for its various health benefits, including its anticancer properties. In this study, andaliman fruit is used to extract its active compounds, which are then tested for their anticancer activity.

Q: What is the IC50 value, and how is it used in this study?

A: The IC50 value is a measure of the concentration of a substance that is required to inhibit cell growth by 50%. In this study, the IC50 value is used to determine the cytotoxic effects of ENBA and EABA on T47D cells and Vero cells.

Q: What is the most optimal combination of ENBA and doxyorubicin, and how is it determined?

A: The most optimal combination of ENBA and doxyorubicin is found at a concentration of 20 μg/ml - 25 nm (½ IC50 - 1/16 IC50) and 7.5 μg/ml - 25 Nm (2/8 IC50 - 1/16 IC50) for a combination EEABA-DOXORUBISIN. This combination is determined by analyzing the cytotoxic effects of ENBA and EABA on T47D cells and Vero cells.

Q: What are the potential benefits of using the combination of ENBA and doxyorubicin?

A: The combination of ENBA and doxyorubicin shows the potential as additional therapy in the treatment of breast cancer, especially in T47D cells. The results of this study indicate that the combination has a significant anticancer activity to T47D cells, as evidenced by inhibition of cell cycles in the G0-G1 phase and induction of apoptosis.

Q: What are the potential limitations of this study?

A: One of the potential limitations of this study is that it was conducted in vitro, which means that the results may not be directly applicable to human patients. Additionally, further research is needed to understand the detailed mechanisms of action of the combination of ENBA and doxyorubicin.

Q: What are the potential future directions of this research?

A: Further research is needed to understand the detailed mechanisms of action of the combination of ENBA and doxyorubicin. This includes studying the effects of the combination on other types of cancer cells, as well as exploring the possibility of clinical applications of this combination.

Q: What are the potential implications of this research for breast cancer treatment?

A: The results of this study suggest that the combination of ENBA and doxyorubicin may be a useful addition to current breast cancer treatments. However, further research is needed to confirm these findings and to determine the optimal dosing and administration of the combination.

Q: What are the potential safety concerns of using the combination of ENBA and doxyorubicin?

A: The safety of the combination of ENBA and doxyorubicin has not been fully evaluated in this study. However, the results suggest that the combination may be safe and effective in treating breast cancer. Further research is needed to confirm these findings and to determine the potential side effects of the combination.