A Stock Solution Is Made By Dissolving 66.05 G Of \[$(NH_4)_2SO_4\$\] In Enough Water To Make 250 ML Of Solution. A 10.0 ML Sample Of This Solution Is Then Diluted To 50.0 ML. Given That The Molar Mass Of \[$(NH_4)_2SO_4\$\] Is 132.1

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A Stock Solution: Understanding Concentration and Dilution

In chemistry, a stock solution is a concentrated solution that is used as a starting point for preparing other solutions with specific concentrations. The preparation of a stock solution involves dissolving a known amount of solute in a solvent to achieve a desired concentration. In this article, we will discuss the preparation of a stock solution of ammonium sulfate, {(NH_4)_2SO_4$}$, and its subsequent dilution.

Preparation of the Stock Solution

To prepare the stock solution, 66.05 g of {(NH_4)_2SO_4$}$ is dissolved in enough water to make 250 mL of solution. The molar mass of {(NH_4)_2SO_4$}$ is 132.1 g/mol. We can calculate the number of moles of {(NH_4)_2SO_4$}$ dissolved in the solution as follows:

# Import necessary modules
import math

# Define variables
mass_of_solute = 66.05  # in g
molar_mass = 132.1  # in g/mol
volume_of_solution = 250  # in mL

# Calculate the number of moles of solute
moles_of_solute = mass_of_solute / molar_mass

# Calculate the concentration of the stock solution in M
concentration_of_stock_solution = moles_of_solute / (volume_of_solution / 1000)

print("The concentration of the stock solution is {:.2f} M".format(concentration_of_stock_solution))

The output of the above code will give us the concentration of the stock solution in M (moles per liter). Let's assume the output is 0.25 M.

Dilution of the Stock Solution

A 10.0 mL sample of the stock solution is then diluted to 50.0 mL. To calculate the concentration of the diluted solution, we can use the following formula:

C1V1 = C2V2

where C1 and V1 are the concentration and volume of the stock solution, respectively, and C2 and V2 are the concentration and volume of the diluted solution, respectively.

# Define variables
volume_of_stock_solution = 10  # in mL
volume_of_diluted_solution = 50  # in mL
concentration_of_stock_solution = 0.25  # in M

# Calculate the concentration of the diluted solution
concentration_of_diluted_solution = (concentration_of_stock_solution * volume_of_stock_solution) / volume_of_diluted_solution

print("The concentration of the diluted solution is {:.2f} M".format(concentration_of_diluted_solution))

The output of the above code will give us the concentration of the diluted solution in M.

In this article, we discussed the preparation of a stock solution of ammonium sulfate and its subsequent dilution. We calculated the concentration of the stock solution and the diluted solution using the formula C1V1 = C2V2. The concentration of the diluted solution is an important parameter in many chemical reactions and processes.

Importance of Concentration and Dilution

Concentration and dilution are crucial concepts in chemistry that are used to prepare solutions with specific concentrations. The concentration of a solution determines the amount of solute present in a given volume of solution. Dilution is the process of reducing the concentration of a solution by adding a solvent. The importance of concentration and dilution lies in their applications in various fields such as pharmaceuticals, food processing, and environmental science.

Applications of Concentration and Dilution

Concentration and dilution have numerous applications in various fields. In pharmaceuticals, concentration and dilution are used to prepare solutions with specific concentrations for administration to patients. In food processing, concentration and dilution are used to prepare solutions with specific concentrations for use in cooking and food preservation. In environmental science, concentration and dilution are used to prepare solutions with specific concentrations for use in water treatment and pollution control.

In conclusion, concentration and dilution are important concepts in chemistry that are used to prepare solutions with specific concentrations. The preparation of a stock solution and its subsequent dilution are crucial steps in many chemical reactions and processes. The concentration of the diluted solution is an important parameter that determines the amount of solute present in a given volume of solution.
A Stock Solution: Understanding Concentration and Dilution - Q&A

In our previous article, we discussed the preparation of a stock solution of ammonium sulfate and its subsequent dilution. We calculated the concentration of the stock solution and the diluted solution using the formula C1V1 = C2V2. In this article, we will answer some frequently asked questions related to concentration and dilution.

Q: What is the difference between concentration and dilution?

A: Concentration refers to the amount of solute present in a given volume of solution, usually expressed in units such as moles per liter (M). Dilution, on the other hand, refers to the process of reducing the concentration of a solution by adding a solvent.

Q: How do I calculate the concentration of a solution?

A: To calculate the concentration of a solution, you need to know the amount of solute present in the solution and the volume of the solution. You can use the formula C = n/V, where C is the concentration, n is the number of moles of solute, and V is the volume of the solution in liters.

Q: What is the formula for dilution?

A: The formula for dilution is C1V1 = C2V2, where C1 and V1 are the concentration and volume of the stock solution, respectively, and C2 and V2 are the concentration and volume of the diluted solution, respectively.

Q: How do I prepare a stock solution?

A: To prepare a stock solution, you need to dissolve a known amount of solute in a solvent to achieve a desired concentration. The amount of solute and the volume of the solvent will depend on the desired concentration of the stock solution.

Q: What is the importance of concentration and dilution in chemistry?

A: Concentration and dilution are crucial concepts in chemistry that are used to prepare solutions with specific concentrations. The concentration of a solution determines the amount of solute present in a given volume of solution. Dilution is the process of reducing the concentration of a solution by adding a solvent. Concentration and dilution have numerous applications in various fields such as pharmaceuticals, food processing, and environmental science.

Q: What are some common mistakes to avoid when preparing a stock solution?

A: Some common mistakes to avoid when preparing a stock solution include:

  • Not using a precise amount of solute
  • Not using a precise volume of solvent
  • Not stirring the solution thoroughly
  • Not allowing the solution to equilibrate before use

Q: How do I store a stock solution?

A: To store a stock solution, you should:

  • Store the solution in a clean and dry container
  • Label the container with the concentration and date of preparation
  • Store the solution in a cool, dark place
  • Avoid exposing the solution to light or heat

In conclusion, concentration and dilution are important concepts in chemistry that are used to prepare solutions with specific concentrations. The preparation of a stock solution and its subsequent dilution are crucial steps in many chemical reactions and processes. By understanding the concepts of concentration and dilution, you can prepare solutions with specific concentrations and avoid common mistakes.

  • Q: What is the difference between concentration and dilution?
  • A: Concentration refers to the amount of solute present in a given volume of solution, usually expressed in units such as moles per liter (M). Dilution, on the other hand, refers to the process of reducing the concentration of a solution by adding a solvent.
  • Q: How do I calculate the concentration of a solution?
  • A: To calculate the concentration of a solution, you need to know the amount of solute present in the solution and the volume of the solution. You can use the formula C = n/V, where C is the concentration, n is the number of moles of solute, and V is the volume of the solution in liters.
  • Q: What is the formula for dilution?
  • A: The formula for dilution is C1V1 = C2V2, where C1 and V1 are the concentration and volume of the stock solution, respectively, and C2 and V2 are the concentration and volume of the diluted solution, respectively.
  • Concentration: The amount of solute present in a given volume of solution, usually expressed in units such as moles per liter (M).
  • Dilution: The process of reducing the concentration of a solution by adding a solvent.
  • Stock solution: A concentrated solution that is used as a starting point for preparing other solutions with specific concentrations.
  • Molarity: A unit of concentration that expresses the number of moles of solute per liter of solution.