A Computer Employs RAM Chips Of 256 X 8 . The Computer System Needs 2K Bytes Of RAM . Design The Memory Module Of Above Configuration.

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Introduction

In this article, we will explore the design of a memory module for a computer system that requires 2K bytes of RAM. The system employs RAM chips with a configuration of 256 X 8, which means each chip has a capacity of 256 words and 8 bits per word. We will use this information to design a memory module that meets the system's requirements.

Understanding the RAM Chip Configuration

Before we dive into the design of the memory module, let's understand the RAM chip configuration. The 256 X 8 configuration means that each chip has:

  • 256 words of storage capacity
  • 8 bits per word, which means each word can store 2^8 = 256 different values

This configuration is often referred to as a 256K x 8 RAM chip, where "K" stands for kilobytes and "x" indicates the number of bits per word.

Calculating the Total Number of Words

To calculate the total number of words required for the system, we need to multiply the number of words per chip by the number of chips required. Since the system requires 2K bytes of RAM, we need to convert this to words.

1 K byte = 1024 bytes 1 byte = 1 word (since each word is 8 bits)

Therefore, 2K bytes = 2 x 1024 = 2048 words

Designing the Memory Module

Now that we know the total number of words required, we can design the memory module. Since each chip has 256 words of storage capacity, we need to determine how many chips are required to meet the system's requirements.

Number of chips required = Total number of words / Words per chip = 2048 words / 256 words per chip = 8 chips

Since each chip has 8 bits per word, we need to connect the chips in a way that allows the system to access each bit individually. This can be achieved using a multiplexing scheme, where each chip is connected to a multiplexer that selects the desired bit.

Multiplexing Scheme

A multiplexing scheme is a way of connecting multiple chips to a single bus, allowing the system to access each chip individually. In this case, we can use a 3:8 multiplexer to connect the 8 chips to a single bus.

A 3:8 multiplexer is a digital circuit that takes 3 input signals and produces 8 output signals. Each output signal is a combination of the 3 input signals. In this case, we can use the 3:8 multiplexer to select the desired bit from each chip.

Addressing Scheme

To access each bit individually, we need to develop an addressing scheme that allows the system to specify the desired bit. This can be achieved using a binary addressing scheme, where each address is a binary number that specifies the desired bit.

For example, if we want to access the 5th bit of the 3rd chip, we can use the address 110 (binary) to specify the desired bit.

Conclusion

In this article, we designed a memory module for a computer system that requires 2K bytes of RAM. We used a 256 X 8 RAM chip configuration and calculated the total number of words required. We then designed a memory module that consists of 8 chips, connected using a multiplexing scheme and an addressing scheme.

This design allows the system to access each bit individually, making it a suitable solution for systems that require high-speed memory access.

References

  • [1] "RAM Chip Configuration" by [Author], [Publication], [Year]
  • [2] "Multiplexing Scheme" by [Author], [Publication], [Year]
  • [3] "Addressing Scheme" by [Author], [Publication], [Year]

Future Work

In future work, we can explore other memory module designs that use different RAM chip configurations and addressing schemes. We can also investigate the use of other digital circuits, such as decoders and demultiplexers, to improve the performance of the memory module.

Glossary

  • RAM Chip: A type of memory chip that stores data in a random access manner.
  • Multiplexing Scheme: A way of connecting multiple chips to a single bus, allowing the system to access each chip individually.
  • Addressing Scheme: A way of specifying the desired bit in a memory module.
  • Binary Addressing Scheme: A type of addressing scheme that uses binary numbers to specify the desired bit.

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Introduction

In our previous article, we designed a memory module for a computer system that requires 2K bytes of RAM. We used a 256 X 8 RAM chip configuration and calculated the total number of words required. We then designed a memory module that consists of 8 chips, connected using a multiplexing scheme and an addressing scheme.

In this article, we will answer some frequently asked questions about the design of the memory module.

Q&A

Q: What is the difference between a 256 X 8 RAM chip and a 256K x 8 RAM chip?

A: A 256 X 8 RAM chip has a capacity of 256 words and 8 bits per word, while a 256K x 8 RAM chip has a capacity of 256K words and 8 bits per word. The "K" in 256K stands for kilobytes, which is equal to 1024 bytes.

Q: Why do we need to use a multiplexing scheme to connect the chips?

A: We need to use a multiplexing scheme to connect the chips because each chip has 8 bits per word, and we need to access each bit individually. A multiplexing scheme allows us to select the desired bit from each chip and connect it to a single bus.

Q: What is the advantage of using a binary addressing scheme?

A: The advantage of using a binary addressing scheme is that it allows us to specify the desired bit using a binary number. This makes it easier to access the desired bit and reduces the complexity of the addressing scheme.

Q: Can we use a different type of RAM chip configuration, such as a 512 X 4 RAM chip?

A: Yes, we can use a different type of RAM chip configuration, such as a 512 X 4 RAM chip. However, we would need to recalculate the total number of words required and redesign the memory module accordingly.

Q: How do we ensure that the memory module is reliable and fault-tolerant?

A: We can ensure that the memory module is reliable and fault-tolerant by using error-correcting codes, such as parity bits or checksums, to detect and correct errors. We can also use redundancy, such as duplicate chips or bits, to provide fault tolerance.

Q: Can we use the memory module in a system that requires high-speed memory access?

A: Yes, we can use the memory module in a system that requires high-speed memory access. The memory module is designed to provide fast access to the desired bit, making it suitable for high-speed applications.

Conclusion

In this article, we answered some frequently asked questions about the design of the memory module. We discussed the differences between a 256 X 8 RAM chip and a 256K x 8 RAM chip, the advantages of using a multiplexing scheme and a binary addressing scheme, and the importance of ensuring reliability and fault-tolerance in the memory module.

References

  • [1] "RAM Chip Configuration" by [Author], [Publication], [Year]
  • [2] "Multiplexing Scheme" by [Author], [Publication], [Year]
  • [3] "Addressing Scheme" by [Author], [Publication], [Year]

Future Work

In future work, we can explore other memory module designs that use different RAM chip configurations and addressing schemes. We can also investigate the use of other digital circuits, such as decoders and demultiplexers, to improve the performance of the memory module.

Glossary

  • RAM Chip: A type of memory chip that stores data in a random access manner.
  • Multiplexing Scheme: A way of connecting multiple chips to a single bus, allowing the system to access each chip individually.
  • Addressing Scheme: A way of specifying the desired bit in a memory module.
  • Binary Addressing Scheme: A type of addressing scheme that uses binary numbers to specify the desired bit.
  • Error-Correcting Code: A code used to detect and correct errors in a memory module.
  • Redundancy: The use of duplicate chips or bits to provide fault tolerance in a memory module.