A Chemist Reacts Sodium Metal And Chlorine Gas To Form Salt According To The Balanced Chemical Equation:${ 2 \text{Na} + \text{Cl}_2 \rightarrow 2 \text{NaCl} }$If The Chemist Has 35 G Of Na, What Mass Of Chlorine Must Be Used To React

Introduction

Chemical reactions are a fundamental aspect of chemistry, and understanding the principles behind them is crucial for chemists and scientists. One of the most common chemical reactions is the reaction between sodium metal and chlorine gas to form salt. This reaction is a classic example of a synthesis reaction, where two elements combine to form a compound. In this article, we will explore the balanced chemical equation for this reaction and use it to determine the mass of chlorine required to react with a given mass of sodium metal.

The Balanced Chemical Equation

The balanced chemical equation for the reaction between sodium metal and chlorine gas to form salt is:

${ 2 \text{Na} + \text{Cl}_2 \rightarrow 2 \text{NaCl} }$

This equation tells us that 2 moles of sodium metal react with 1 mole of chlorine gas to form 2 moles of sodium chloride (salt). The coefficients in the equation indicate the mole ratio between the reactants and products.

Stoichiometry and Mole Ratios

Stoichiometry is the branch of chemistry that deals with the quantitative relationships between reactants and products in chemical reactions. In this case, we are interested in determining the mass of chlorine required to react with a given mass of sodium metal. To do this, we need to use the mole ratios from the balanced chemical equation.

The mole ratio between sodium metal and chlorine gas is 2:1, meaning that 2 moles of sodium metal react with 1 mole of chlorine gas. We can use this ratio to determine the mass of chlorine required to react with a given mass of sodium metal.

Calculating the Mass of Chlorine Required

Let's say we have 35 g of sodium metal. We need to determine the mass of chlorine required to react with this amount of sodium metal. To do this, we need to follow these steps:

1. Determine the number of moles of sodium metal: We can use the molar mass of sodium (22.99 g/mol) to determine the number of moles of sodium metal.

${ \text{moles of Na} = \frac{\text{mass of Na}}{\text{molar mass of Na}} }$

${ \text{moles of Na} = \frac{35 \text{ g}}{22.99 \text{ g/mol}} }$

${ \text{moles of Na} = 1.52 \text{ mol} }$

2. Use the mole ratio to determine the number of moles of chlorine required: Since the mole ratio between sodium metal and chlorine gas is 2:1, we can use this ratio to determine the number of moles of chlorine required.

${ \text{moles of Cl}_2 = \frac{\text{moles of Na}}{2} }$

${ \text{moles of Cl}_2 = \frac{1.52 \text{ mol}}{2} }$

${ \text{moles of Cl}_2 = 0.76 \text{ mol} }$

3. Determine the mass of chlorine required: We can use the molar mass of chlorine (70.90 g/mol) to determine the mass of chlorine required.

${ \text{mass of Cl}_2 = \text{moles of Cl}_2 \times \text{molar mass of Cl}_2 }$

${ \text{mass of Cl}_2 = 0.76 \text{ mol} \times 70.90 \text{ g/mol} }$

${ \text{mass of Cl}_2 = 53.9 \text{ g} }$

Therefore, we need 53.9 g of chlorine to react with 35 g of sodium metal.

Conclusion

In this article, we have explored the balanced chemical equation for the reaction between sodium metal and chlorine gas to form salt. We have used the mole ratios from the balanced chemical equation to determine the mass of chlorine required to react with a given mass of sodium metal. By following these steps, we can determine the mass of chlorine required to react with any given mass of sodium metal.

Frequently Asked Questions

• What is the balanced chemical equation for the reaction between sodium metal and chlorine gas to form salt?

The balanced chemical equation for the reaction between sodium metal and chlorine gas to form salt is:

${ 2 \text{Na} + \text{Cl}_2 \rightarrow 2 \text{NaCl} }$

• What is the mole ratio between sodium metal and chlorine gas?

The mole ratio between sodium metal and chlorine gas is 2:1, meaning that 2 moles of sodium metal react with 1 mole of chlorine gas.

• How do I determine the mass of chlorine required to react with a given mass of sodium metal?

To determine the mass of chlorine required to react with a given mass of sodium metal, you need to follow these steps:

1. Determine the number of moles of sodium metal.
2. Use the mole ratio to determine the number of moles of chlorine required.
3. Determine the mass of chlorine required using the molar mass of chlorine.

References

• Chemical Equations and Stoichiometry by OpenStax College
• Chemistry: An Atoms First Approach by Steven S. Zumdahl
• General Chemistry by Linus Pauling

Further Reading

• Chemical Reactions and Stoichiometry by Khan Academy
• Chemical Equations and Stoichiometry by Crash Course
• Chemistry: An Atoms First Approach by Steven S. Zumdahl

Related Topics

• Chemical Reactions and Stoichiometry
• Chemical Equations and Stoichiometry
• General Chemistry

Keywords

• Chemical Reactions and Stoichiometry
• Chemical Equations and Stoichiometry
• General Chemistry
• Sodium Metal
• Chlorine Gas
• Salt
• Mole Ratios
• Molar Mass
• Chemical Equations
• Stoichiometry
  

Introduction

Chemical reactions and stoichiometry are fundamental concepts in chemistry that help us understand the quantitative relationships between reactants and products in chemical reactions. In our previous article, we explored the balanced chemical equation for the reaction between sodium metal and chlorine gas to form salt. In this article, we will answer some frequently asked questions about chemical reactions and stoichiometry.

Q&A

Q: What is the difference between a chemical equation and a balanced chemical equation?

A: A chemical equation is a representation of a chemical reaction, showing the reactants and products involved. A balanced chemical equation is a chemical equation in which the number of atoms of each element is the same on both the reactant and product sides.

Q: How do I determine the mole ratio between reactants and products in a chemical reaction?

A: To determine the mole ratio between reactants and products in a chemical reaction, you need to look at the coefficients in the balanced chemical equation. The coefficients indicate the mole ratio between the reactants and products.

Q: What is the mole ratio between sodium metal and chlorine gas in the reaction between sodium metal and chlorine gas to form salt?

A: The mole ratio between sodium metal and chlorine gas in the reaction between sodium metal and chlorine gas to form salt is 2:1, meaning that 2 moles of sodium metal react with 1 mole of chlorine gas.

Q: How do I determine the mass of a product in a chemical reaction?

A: To determine the mass of a product in a chemical reaction, you need to follow these steps:

1. Determine the number of moles of the product.
2. Use the molar mass of the product to determine the mass of the product.

Q: What is the molar mass of sodium metal?

A: The molar mass of sodium metal is 22.99 g/mol.

Q: What is the molar mass of chlorine gas?

A: The molar mass of chlorine gas is 70.90 g/mol.

Q: How do I determine the number of moles of a reactant in a chemical reaction?

A: To determine the number of moles of a reactant in a chemical reaction, you need to follow these steps:

1. Determine the mass of the reactant.
2. Use the molar mass of the reactant to determine the number of moles of the reactant.

Q: What is the difference between a limiting reactant and an excess reactant in a chemical reaction?

A: A limiting reactant is a reactant that is present in a smaller amount than required to react with all of the other reactants. An excess reactant is a reactant that is present in a larger amount than required to react with all of the other reactants.

Q: How do I determine the limiting reactant in a chemical reaction?

A: To determine the limiting reactant in a chemical reaction, you need to follow these steps:

1. Determine the mole ratio between the reactants.
2. Determine the number of moles of each reactant.
3. Compare the number of moles of each reactant to the mole ratio.

Conclusion

In this article, we have answered some frequently asked questions about chemical reactions and stoichiometry. We have covered topics such as the difference between a chemical equation and a balanced chemical equation, the mole ratio between reactants and products, and the determination of the mass of a product in a chemical reaction. We hope that this article has been helpful in clarifying some of the concepts in chemical reactions and stoichiometry.

Frequently Asked Questions

• What is the difference between a chemical equation and a balanced chemical equation?
• How do I determine the mole ratio between reactants and products in a chemical reaction?
• What is the mole ratio between sodium metal and chlorine gas in the reaction between sodium metal and chlorine gas to form salt?
• How do I determine the mass of a product in a chemical reaction?
• What is the molar mass of sodium metal?
• What is the molar mass of chlorine gas?
• How do I determine the number of moles of a reactant in a chemical reaction?
• What is the difference between a limiting reactant and an excess reactant in a chemical reaction?
• How do I determine the limiting reactant in a chemical reaction?

References

• Chemical Equations and Stoichiometry by OpenStax College
• Chemistry: An Atoms First Approach by Steven S. Zumdahl
• General Chemistry by Linus Pauling

Further Reading

• Chemical Reactions and Stoichiometry by Khan Academy
• Chemical Equations and Stoichiometry by Crash Course
• Chemistry: An Atoms First Approach by Steven S. Zumdahl

Related Topics

• Chemical Reactions and Stoichiometry
• Chemical Equations and Stoichiometry
• General Chemistry

Keywords

• Chemical Reactions and Stoichiometry
• Chemical Equations and Stoichiometry
• General Chemistry
• Mole Ratios
• Molar Mass
• Chemical Equations
• Stoichiometry
• Limiting Reactant
• Excess Reactant